Mount an EBS volume on an EC2 Instance in sixty seconds or less
Here's a quick script to create and mount an EBS (elastic block storage) device to an EC2 instance in sixty seconds or less.
There are several additional parameters available in the cli command of: aws ec2 create-volume. You can find more options available here: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/create-volume.html
#!/bin/bash -ex
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# log this process to /var/log/user-data.log
exec > >(tee /var/log/user-data.log|logger -t user-data -s 2>/dev/console) 2>&1
sudo yum update -y
# using jq for parsing
sudo yum install -y jq
# configuration
region=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document | jq -r .region)
az=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document | jq -r .availabilityZone) # az for the ebs
device="/dev/xvdf" # volume we're going to attach (note you may need to change this if it's alreay in use)
mount_path="/app" # change as necessary
ebs_volume_size=1 # size in GBs
ebs_volume_type="gp2" # volume type
sleepy_time="20s" # used as a 'wait' during this process
# set up our region for the cli
export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=${region}
# create the ebs volume
# the 8th param is the volume-id, get it w/ awk which we'll need later
# there are other parameters that you can pass in, so update this script accordingly
# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/create-volume.html
volume=$(aws ec2 create-volume \
--volume-type ${ebs_volume_type} \
--size ${ebs_volume_size} \
--availability-zone ${az} \
--output text | awk '{print $8}'
)
# get the instance id of the EC2
instance_id=$(curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
# sleep for a x seconds while we wait for the volume
sleep ${sleepy_time}
# attach the volume
aws ec2 attach-volume \
--volume-id ${volume} \
--instance-id ${instance_id} \
--device ${device}
# give it time to attach
sleep ${sleepy_time}
# check to see if it's empty
sudo file -s ${device}
# format the volume
sudo mkfs -t ext4 ${device}
# give it time to do it's job
sleep ${sleepy_time}
# make our directory for the mount
sudo mkdir -p ${mount_path}
# mount it
sudo mount ${device} "${mount_path}/"
cd $mount_path
# see if we have nay issues
df -h .
# test it out (feel free to remove this)
sudo bash -c 'sudo echo "hello my precious ebs" > hello-ebs.txt'
# automount on reboot
fs_tab="/etc/fstab"
sudo cp ${fs_tab} "${sf_tab}.bak"
sudo bash -c 'sudo echo '"${device} ${mount_path} ext4 defaults,nofail"' >> '"${fs_tab}"''
# reboot if we want to test it in the script
#sudo reboot
Image Credits: Mr Cup / Fabien Barral on Unsplash